purely a social construct that has no biological basis, and documented racial inequities are due to racism not genetics or biology. Ethnicity-based and racial discrimination intersects with other forms of exclusion based on income, occupation, gender identity and expression, sexual orientation, disability, religion or belief, language, migratory status, rural/urban status and more, and is -- Addressing compounding and intersecting drivers of exclusion COVID-19 made inequities experienced by persons facing ethnicity-based and racial discrimination more visible, but unfair and discriminatory practices in education, housing, labor markets, the criminal justice system, to name a few, are often overlapping and compounding, and did not emerge simply as a result of the pandemic. Universal and